Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Two brothers, Charles and Jules Collart, secured a concession in 1881 to mine iron ore at the foot of the Katzenberg in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
Hornos Irugurutzeta
Since Roman times, the Aiako Harria massif in the Basque country has been tapped to extract minerals, including iron ores. Iron ore mining gained momentum in the mid-19th century.
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In the early nineteenth century, the industrial revolution swept across continental Europe and one steelworks after another rose from the ground. Europe had hundreds of blast furnaces, but since the mid-twentieth century, Europe's steel industry has been slowly going downhill.
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