Wales

A ruined limestone kiln complex recalls the late-nineteenth-century exploitation of limestone at the Welsh quarry Gilwern.

In Pontypridd, in the heart of the Welsh coalfield, is Hetty Shaft, one of the three mining seats that was founded by the Great Western Colliery Company.

The south Welsh Rhondda valley was one of the world's largest mining regions for almost a hundred years, but after the turbulent closures, only a handful of coal mines survived.

'Welsh Slate' dominated the north-west economy of Wales from 1850 onwards. Slate was exploited in dozens of quarries, such as in the smaller Rhos, on a flank of the Moel Siabod mountain in Snowdonia.