In Pontypridd, in the heart of the Welsh coalfield, is Hetty Shaft, one of the three mining seats that was founded by the Great Western Colliery Company.
In the French coal basin of Nord-pas-de-Calais, Germany's Ruhr and Saarland, England, Wales, and Belgium, coal was brought to the surface in hundreds of coal mines for many years. Today, coal mines have become heritage sites or have been demolished.
In Pontypridd, in the heart of the Welsh coalfield, is Hetty Shaft, one of the three mining seats that was founded by the Great Western Colliery Company.
When you say Wallers-Arenberg, you immediately think of the infamous cobblestone section in Paris-Roubaix bicycle road race, but Arenberg is also the name of the coal mine site located on the forest's edge.
From 1905 to 1988, coal was extracted from the underground in the Charles Ledoux coal mine in Condé-sur-l'Escaut in France.
The south Welsh Rhondda valley was one of the world's largest mining regions for almost a hundred years, but after the turbulent closures, only a handful of coal mines survived.
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The opening stages of the Tour de France cross northern France, a region deeply marked by the legacy of World War I and the coal industry.
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